Genes on Chromosomes

This page discusses how the genes are arranged on the chromosomes. The backbone of chromosomes is the DNA double helix. Beyond this, however, the chromosomes are highly organized and "packaged" with a number of different types of proteins.

The figure below shows diagrammatically how the genes are arranged on the chromosome:

Genes can be thought of as analogous to islands in a sea of repetitive DNA. In this diagram four genes are labeled 1-4. The stripped areas between represents repetitive DNA.

On the webpage on Repetitive DNA, we discuss its nature in more detail. Basically this DNA is non-coding, meaning it does not code for any proteins or RNA. It is not transcribed (see Basic Genetics). Repetitive DNA is small sequences of DNA repeated thousands to hundred-of-thousands of times.

The picture is actually even more complex than drawn. (Did I hear another sigh?) The genes themselves are actually split into pieces. So Gene 1 for example might itself be split up into several subgene regions. More on this is discussed on the Split Genes webpage.

Psychobiology-Index

Neurogenesis and Healing

• The Brain and Nervous System
• Teen Brain Development
• Mirror Neurons
• Neurogenesis

Addiction and the Teen Brain

• The Flight-or-Fight Response
• Psychobiology of Anxiety

The Triune Brain
Stress

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• Psychobiology of Emotions
• Emotional Hyperspace
• Hugs, Touch, and Healing

State-Dependent Memory, Learning, and Behaviors and Trauma

• Psychosocial Genomics

Basic Genetics Series

• Basic Genetics
• Genes on Chromosomes
• Split Genes and RNA Processing
• Gene Regulation
• Repetitive DNA
• Evolutionary Genetics
• Adaptive Landscapes
• Developmental Imprinting and Attachment Disorders

Nature and Mind

• Clinical Psychobiology