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Juvenile Sex Offenders Juvenile sex offenders
(JSO) are youths that commit a sex offense. The age range is from
puberty to legal adult (age of majority).
The offense can be against a person of any age if it is against the
victim's will, without consent, or in an aggressive or threatening
manner. The current politically correct term is "Adolescent Responsible
for Sexual Offense". In some states, e.g. South Carolina, even
pre-pubescent children can be classified as sex offender.
From
Jeffrey Koenigsberg, who has been working with this population
extensively and for years, says, "Adult sexual offending, according to
recent empirically researched and validated studies, is not related nor
is it comparable to adolescents that have engaged in sexually harmful
behavior. Note that even the terminology is different. Adults who
offend sexually reoffend at approximately 95% (regardless of receiving
treatment) and they are referred to as pedophiles or sex offenders.
Adolescents that have a history of sexually harmful behaviors that
receive treatment have a recidivism rate of less than 4%. The majority
of adolescents that engage in sexually harmful behaviors come from
disrupted family systems, they have been the victims of sexual abuse,
someone in the family has been sexually victimized and there has been a
history of domestic violence and/or substance abuse in the home. This
indicates that the sexually harmful behaviors have an ecological
etiology and are developmental in nature."--Jeffrey Koenigsberg, LMSW,
CJSOC
Therapsit/ Clinical Social Work C.A.R.E. Unit New Mexico Behavioral Health Institute 3695 Hot Springs Blvd. Las Vegas, NM 87701
Characteristics of Juvenile Sex Offenders- trust issues--they have difficulties trusting others
- aberrant sexual fantasies
- Are not in touch with feelings (emotions)
- Difficulty in communicating needs and feelings
- Attachment issues--socially isolated and superficial relationships, lack of empathy
- Antisocial thoughts
- Control issues--want excessive control
- Impulse control difficulties
- Limited understanding about sexuality and low sexual skill level
- Underachievers that lack positive goals
- Think what they are doing is OK--denial or minimization
- Come
from a dysfunctional family with poor or no personal boundaries--they
do not understand the whole concept of appropriate personal boundaries
A horse storyThis is a story shared by Mark Lytle at Head, Heart, Hands, and Horses in Marion, NC. Hope we can do it justice.
Not
sure of the exact circumstances but they were working with a group of
adjudicated youths. As we understand the story, they figured a lot of
this out after the fact.
There was a boy confined to a
wheelchair. The equestrian assisted psychotherapy team was working with
the adjudicated youths. One of the boys, we will call him Tom, would
approach the boy in the wheelchair unnoticed by the treatment team. We
will call this boy, Billy. One of the horses started imposing himself
between the two boys when Tom would try to approach Billy.
Tom
kept it up, and the horse got more and more aggressive about keeping
Tom away from Billy. All of a sudden, the horse had knocked Tom down
and was baring his teeth right in Tom's face, pining him to the ground.
They
pieced the story together from here. It turned out Tom was a juvenile
sexual offender and his method of operation was to "volunteer" to take
wheelchair-confined boys to the bathroom where he would molest them.
What
Tom was doing that the horse intervened was that when Tom approached
Billy, he would escalate his touching, getting a little more
"friendlier" each time. The first time, just touching Billy's chair.
The next time, touching Billy's shoulder, etc. The team's
interpretation was that the horse was trying to protect Billy from the
sexual predator.Risk FactorsHere are some of the risk factors that have been identified in creating juvenile sexual offenders:
- Early exposure to pornography
- Lack of privacy in living environment
- Being either over or under sexualized
- emotional incest
- emotional abuse or neglect
- feelings of abandonment
- role models that use force to get their way
- shame-based family functioning
- exaggerated sexual talk
- harassment, bullying
- access to victims
- aggression: gets in conflicts and fights a lot
TreatmentAt the outset, there are four basics involved in the treatment of Juvenile Sex Offenders:
- Sexual offenders in general are not very responsive to therapeutic intervention
- Having said this, the younger intervention can be done, the greater the chance of success
- The goal in therapy in many cases is not to "cure" the offender, but rather to protect society from them
- a
guiding principle is deterrence: the consequences by society for them
molesting, assaulting, or abusing others, is that they will go to jail.
Here is an overview of what therapeutic intervention involves:
Treatment
usually involves both group and individual therapy. In group therapy
other offenders are good at recognizing lies and deceits (hmm, kind of
like horses). This is similar to addicts recognizing the ploys of
other addicts and the best addiction counselors are those that are
recovering addicts.
Juvenile Sex Offenders are taught social
skills and what society and the law expect and demand. Cognitive
distortions are addressed and there usually are some "hum dingers" of
deranged thinking (we wax non-professional here). Anger
management, communication skills, and listening skills are taught.
Problem solving skills are enhanced.--At least these are the goals of
therapy.
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